The Neurology and Neuropediatrics Research Unit has been conducting research on neurological topics and neurosciences at Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University for four decades, with greater emphasis in recent years. Numerous contributions have been made in different areas of neuropediatrics and neurology, which are at the forefront nationally. The contributions recorded are related to disorders and diseases prevalent in our country, and their results contribute to the implementation of control measures in the population. Research in neurology and neuropediatrics allows us to identify, update, and discover different basic and clinical mechanisms and phenomena of the nervous system in order to provide solutions and preventive health measures.