Guideline Utilization in Oncology: Addressing Barriers and Facilitators in Latin America and the Caribbean

PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the usage patterns, barriers, and facilitators of cancer treatment guidelines among oncologists in Latin America and the Caribbean. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in March 2023 among physicians in Latin America and the Caribbean who care for patients with cancer. Respondents were recruited via the ASCO member database. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire that assessed demographics, guideline usage, and barriers to implementation. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Of the 1,265 invited physicians, 140 responded (11% response rate). Most respondents reported frequent use of guidelines, with 47.9% using them often and 40.7% always. The guidelines that were used the most were from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (88.5%), European Society for Medical Oncology (76.3%), and ASCO (70.5%). The top barriers to guideline use included lack of diagnostic tools and access to medications (47.7%), and institutional restrictions (19.7%). Facilitators included access to necessary resources (79.8%) and country-specific guidelines (61.2%). CONCLUSION Although oncologists in Latin America and the Caribbean frequently rely on international guidelines, significant barriers, particularly resource limitations, impede full implementation. Addressing these barriers through improved infrastructure and adapted guidelines is essential for enhancing cancer care in the region.